The Final will cover topics in the areas of Gravity, Seismic, Electrical, Magnetic, Radar, and GPS methods. The format is very much like that of the other tests; it will be composed of definitions and short conceptual problems. The following is a fairly comprehensive list of the types of things you should be familiar with if you want to do well on the exam.

Gravity Stuff:

• Geoid
• Reference Spheroid
• Newton's Law of Gravity
• Zero-length Spring
• Isostacy
• Density - what it is and typical values
• Reduction of gravity readings
• Sensitivity of gravity to elevation and latitude
• The "infinite slab" formula

Seismic Stuff:

• Lamé Parameters
• Vibroseis
• Crossover Distance
• Convolution
• P waves, S waves, Rayeigh Waves (Ground roll):
  Know formulas for velocity, particle motion, what makes them reflect or refract.
• Reversed profiles
• Migration
• Gathers
• Stacking and other signal enhancement techniques
• MiniSosie

Electric/Magnetic Stuff:

• Frequency dependence of signal propagation
• Declination
• Data collection techniques
• Pseudo-resistivity sections
• Reduction of MT measurements

Radar Stuff:

• Depth of penetration
• Examples of applications
• How technique works and what causes reflections
• What radar data looks like

GPS Stuff:

• Pseudo-ranging -how it works
• Static technique
• Rapid-Static technique
• Kinematic technique
• Broadcast frequencies
• Ionospheric effects
• Tropospheric effects
• Pseudo-random code: what it is and why it works as it does